Cristiano Maker

 This is one of the most essential safety devices you must have if you work with electronics. Not only for the safety of the device you are making/troubleshooting but also for you and your electric installation. It is a famous device - the light bulb current limiter also know as dim bulb . The construction is very simple, that's only a high wattage bulb connected in series between your device and the wall. Here is the schematic: I recommend to use a high wattage filament bulb, like a 150w or 200w, usually the rule is to use a bulb with a higher power than the device do be tested. Please not that the wattage must be the real and not the "equivalent" as we find in modern fluorescent lamps. It is mainly used as a "detector" for short circuits: if your device has a short it will draw a lot of current from the mains and the bulb will be as bright as it can, limiting the current because itself will convert the energy into light and hot. If the device has no shorts, th...

Since I was a child, I love vacuum tube/valve stuff, like old radios and guitar amplifiers, so I decided to build my own guitar amp. I have made a Fender 5f1 model, all from scratch. I made it as a "head" because I want to try different speakers along the time, and the speaker I have at the build time is not a very good one but it does the job. Before I started the build, I read a lot of things about vacuum tubes so I can be more comfortable with the build. As you also may know, tube circuits use generally high voltages (around 650v in this case) so it may be dangerous if you don't know well what you are doing. There is a lot of information on the internet about this specific tube amp model. If you plan to build something like this, I recommend you visit this page  and watch a lot of videos on YouTube about tube amp build and repair (I recommend 2 channels: Uncle Doug and D-lab Electronics). Below are the layout and schematic I used for the build. They are the original Fe...